Gene description for Actb
Gene name actin, beta
Gene symbol Actb
Other names/aliases Actx
E430023M04Rik
beta-actin
Species Mus musculus
 Database cross references - Actb
ExoCarta ExoCarta_11461
Entrez Gene 11461
UniProt P60710  
 Actb identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Brain cancer cells 19109410    
Dendritic cells 10545503    
Embryonic fibroblasts 18494037    
Fibroblasts 23260141    
Macrophages 23658846    
Macrophages 23658846    
Macrophages 23658846    
Mast cells 11145662    
Mast cells 17486113    
Mov neuroglial cells 15210972    
Neural stem cells 25242146    
Neural stem cells 25242146    
Neural stem cells 25242146    
Oligodendrocytes 21136642    
Pancreatic cells 19351151    
Tracheobronchial cells 19190083    
 Gene ontology annotations for Actb
Molecular Function
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 ISO
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IEA
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    protein kinase binding GO:0019901 ISO
    nitric-oxide synthase binding GO:0050998 ISO
    kinesin binding GO:0019894 ISO
    RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0000978 ISO
    Tat protein binding GO:0030957 ISO
    nucleotide binding GO:0000166 IEA
    RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0000980 ISO
    nucleosomal DNA binding GO:0031492 ISO
Biological Process
    cellular response to electrical stimulus GO:0071257 ISO
    axonogenesis GO:0007409 ISO
    platelet aggregation GO:0070527 ISO
    ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling GO:0043044 ISO
Subcellular Localization
    nuclear chromatin GO:0000790 ISO
    protein complex GO:0043234 ISO
    myelin sheath GO:0043209 IDA
    axon GO:0030424 ISO
    postsynaptic density GO:0014069 ISO
    cytosol GO:0005829 IDA
    ribonucleoprotein complex GO:0030529 ISO
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IEA
    MLL5-L complex GO:0070688 ISO
    cytoskeleton GO:0005856 IEA
    cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule GO:0036464 ISO
    NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex GO:0035267 ISO
    extracellular space GO:0005615 ISO
    focal adhesion GO:0005925 ISO
    membrane GO:0016020 ISO
    cortical cytoskeleton GO:0030863 IDA
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 ISO
    blood microparticle GO:0072562 ISO
 Experiment description of studies that identified Actb in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 26
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|GAPDH|HSP70
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD9
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19109410    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Proteomic and immunologic analyses of brain tumor exosomes.
Authors Graner MW, Alzate O, Dechkovskaia AM, Keene JD, Sampson JH, Mitchell DA, Bigner DD
Journal name FASEB
Publication year 2008
Sample Brain cancer cells
Sample name SMA560vIII
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF/TOF]
Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 3
ISEV standards
✔
IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP84|HSC73
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
MHCII|CD9|mac-1
EV Membrane markers
✔
CANX|HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 10545503    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Molecular characterization of dendritic cell-derived exosomes. Selective accumulation of the heat shock protein hsc73.
Authors Thery C, Regnault A, Garin J, Wolfers J, Zitvogel L, Ricciardi-Castagnoli P, Raposo G, Amigorena S.
Journal name JCB
Publication year 1999
Sample Dendritic cells
Sample name D1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.14-1.20 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF]
Western blotting
3
Experiment ID 73
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90
EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 18494037    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Difference gel electrophoresis analysis of Ras-transformed fibroblast cell-derived exosomes.
Authors Ji H, Erfani N, Tauro BJ, Kapp EA, Zhu HJ, Moritz RL, Lim JW, Simpson RJ
Journal name ELEC
Publication year 2008
Sample Embryonic fibroblasts
Sample name NIH3T3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LCQ DECA]
Western blotting
4
Experiment ID 210
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD81|FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23260141    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Exosomes Mediate Stromal Mobilization of Autocrine Wnt-PCP Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration.
Authors Luga V, Zhang L, Viloria-Petit AM, Ogunjimi AA, Inanlou MR, Chiu E, Buchanan M, Hosein AN, Basik M, Wrana JL.
Journal name Cell
Publication year 2012
Sample Fibroblasts
Sample name Normal-Fibroblasts (L cells)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
5
Experiment ID 214
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23658846    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Immunomodulatory impact of leishmania-induced macrophage exosomes: a comparative proteomic and functional analysis.
Authors Hassani K, Olivier M.
Journal name PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Publication year 2013
Sample Macrophages
Sample name Leishmania-infected-Macrophage (J774A.1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Filtration
Protease inhibitors
Sucrose density gradient
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 215
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23658846    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Immunomodulatory impact of leishmania-induced macrophage exosomes: a comparative proteomic and functional analysis.
Authors Hassani K, Olivier M.
Journal name PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Publication year 2013
Sample Macrophages
Sample name LPS-treated-Macrophage (J774A.1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Filtration
Protease inhibitors
Sucrose density gradient
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
7
Experiment ID 216
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23658846    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Immunomodulatory impact of leishmania-induced macrophage exosomes: a comparative proteomic and functional analysis.
Authors Hassani K, Olivier M.
Journal name PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Publication year 2013
Sample Macrophages
Sample name Normal-Macrophage (J774A.1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Filtration
Protease inhibitors
Sucrose density gradient
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
8
Experiment ID 5
ISEV standards
✔
EM|IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD86|CD80
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 11145662    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Mast cell-dependent B and T lymphocyte activation is mediated by the secretion of immunologically active exosomes.
Authors Skokos D, Le Panse S, Villa I, Rousselle JC, Peronet R, David B, Namane A, Mecheri S
Journal name JIMMU
Publication year 2001
Sample Mast cells
Sample name P815
MC9
Bone marrow-derived mast cells
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF]
ELISA
9
Experiment ID 15
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 17486113    
Organism Mus musculus
Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells.
Authors Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, Sjostrand M, Lee JJ, Lotvall JO
Journal name NCB
Publication year 2007
Sample Mast cells
Sample name MC9
Bone marrow-derived mast cells
HMC-1
Isolation/purification methods Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.11-1.21 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
mRNA
miRNA
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF]
Western blotting
Microarray
miRCURY LNA Array
10
Experiment ID 15
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule mrna
Identification method Microarray
PubMed ID 17486113    
Organism Mus musculus
Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells.
Authors Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, Sjostrand M, Lee JJ, Lotvall JO
Journal name NCB
Publication year 2007
Sample Mast cells
Sample name MC9
Bone marrow-derived mast cells
HMC-1
Isolation/purification methods Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.11-1.21 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
mRNA
miRNA
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF]
Western blotting
Microarray
miRCURY LNA Array
11
Experiment ID 39
ISEV standards
✔
IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|HSC70
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 15210972    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Cells release prions in association with exosomes.
Authors Fevrier B, Vilette D, Archer F, Loew D, Faigle W, Vidal M, Laude H, Raposo G
Journal name PNAS
Publication year 2004
Sample Mov neuroglial cells
Sample name Mov neuroglial cell
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.14 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QSTAR]
Western blotting
Immunoelectron Microscopy
12
Experiment ID 262
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|HSP70|HSP90
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD9|
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✔
Y
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 25242146    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Extracellular Vesicles from Neural Stem Cells Transfer IFN-γ via Ifngr1 to Activate Stat1 Signaling in Target Cells
Authors Chiara Cossetti, Nunzio Iraci, Tim R. Mercer, Tommaso Leonardi, Emanuele Alpi, Denise Drago, Clara Alfaro-Cervello, Harpreet K. Saini, Matthew P. Davis, Julia Schaeffer, Beatriz Vega, Matilde Stefanini, CongJian Zhao, Werner Muller, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Suresh Mathivanan, Angela Bachi, Anton J. Enright, John S. Mattick, Stefano Pluchino
Journal name Molecular Cell
Publication year 2014
Sample Neural stem cells
Sample name NPCs
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.20 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
Microarray
13
Experiment ID 263
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD9
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 25242146    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Extracellular Vesicles from Neural Stem Cells Transfer IFN-γ via Ifngr1 to Activate Stat1 Signaling in Target Cells
Authors Chiara Cossetti, Nunzio Iraci, Tim R. Mercer, Tommaso Leonardi, Emanuele Alpi, Denise Drago, Clara Alfaro-Cervello, Harpreet K. Saini, Matthew P. Davis, Julia Schaeffer, Beatriz Vega, Matilde Stefanini, CongJian Zhao, Werner Muller, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Suresh Mathivanan, Angela Bachi, Anton J. Enright, John S. Mattick, Stefano Pluchino
Journal name Molecular Cell
Publication year 2014
Sample Neural stem cells
Sample name NPCs - Th1 treated
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.20 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
14
Experiment ID 264
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD9
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 25242146    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Extracellular Vesicles from Neural Stem Cells Transfer IFN-γ via Ifngr1 to Activate Stat1 Signaling in Target Cells
Authors Chiara Cossetti, Nunzio Iraci, Tim R. Mercer, Tommaso Leonardi, Emanuele Alpi, Denise Drago, Clara Alfaro-Cervello, Harpreet K. Saini, Matthew P. Davis, Julia Schaeffer, Beatriz Vega, Matilde Stefanini, CongJian Zhao, Werner Muller, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Suresh Mathivanan, Angela Bachi, Anton J. Enright, John S. Mattick, Stefano Pluchino
Journal name Molecular Cell
Publication year 2014
Sample Neural stem cells
Sample name NPCs - Th2 treated
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.20 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
15
Experiment ID 33
ISEV standards
✔
EM|IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 21136642    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Oligodendrocytes secrete exosomes containing major myelin and stress-protective proteins: Trophic support for axons?
Authors Kramer-Albers EM, Bretz N, Tenzer S, Winterstein C, Mobius W, Berger H, Nave KA, Schild H, Trotter J
Journal name PROTEOMICS_CL
Publication year 2007
Sample Oligodendrocytes
Sample name Oligodendrocytes
Oli-neu
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.10-1.14 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
Western blotting
Immunoelectron Microscopy
16
Experiment ID 188
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
GAPDH|UCHL1|HSP90
EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19351151    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Characterization of vesicles secreted from insulinoma NIT-1 cells.
Authors Lee HS, Jeong J, Lee KJ.
Journal name J Proteome Res
Publication year 2009
Sample Pancreatic cells
Sample name Pancreatic beta cell (NIT-1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
17
Experiment ID 34
ISEV standards
✔
EM|IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|MHCI|MHCII
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19190083    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization of exosome-like vesicles released from human tracheobronchial ciliated epithelium: a possible role in innate defense.
Authors Kesimer M, Scull M, Brighton B, Demaria G, Burns K, O'Neal W, Pickles RJ, Sheehan JK
Journal name FASEB
Publication year 2009
Sample Tracheobronchial cells
Sample name Tracheobronchial epithelial cells
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.16 -1.18 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
mRNA
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
Western blotting
Immunoelectron Microscopy
FACS
 Protein-protein interactions for Actb
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 CPNE2 221184
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
2 CPNE4 131034
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
3 CPNE1 8904
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
4 Pknox1  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
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