Gene description for DHFR
Gene name dihydrofolate reductase
Gene symbol DHFR
Other names/aliases DHFRP1
DYR
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - DHFR
ExoCarta ExoCarta_1719
Vesiclepedia VP_1719
Entrez Gene 1719
HGNC 2861
MIM 126060
UniProt P00374  
 DHFR identified in sEVs derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Colorectal cancer cells 23161513    
Colorectal cancer cells 23161513    
Colorectal cancer cells 23161513    
Thymus 23844026    
 Gene ontology annotations for DHFR
Molecular Function
    mRNA regulatory element binding translation repressor activity GO:0000900 IDA
    mRNA binding GO:0003729 IDA
    dihydrofolate reductase activity GO:0004146 IBA
    dihydrofolate reductase activity GO:0004146 IDA
    dihydrofolate reductase activity GO:0004146 ISS
    dihydrofolate reductase activity GO:0004146 NAS
    folic acid binding GO:0005542 IDA
    NADP binding GO:0050661 IBA
    NADPH binding GO:0070402 IDA
    sequence-specific mRNA binding GO:1990825 IDA
Biological Process
    tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process GO:0006729 IMP
    tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process GO:0006729 ISS
    one-carbon metabolic process GO:0006730 IEA
    negative regulation of translation GO:0017148 IDA
    axon regeneration GO:0031103 ISS
    response to methotrexate GO:0031427 IEA
    dihydrofolate metabolic process GO:0046452 IBA
    dihydrofolate metabolic process GO:0046452 IDA
    tetrahydrofolate metabolic process GO:0046653 IDA
    tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process GO:0046654 IBA
    tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process GO:0046654 IDA
    tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process GO:0046654 IEA
    folic acid metabolic process GO:0046655 IBA
    folic acid metabolic process GO:0046655 ISS
    positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity GO:0051000 ISS
    regulation of removal of superoxide radicals GO:2000121 ISS
Subcellular Localization
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 HTP
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 IBA
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 IDA
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
 Experiment description of studies that identified DHFR in sEVs
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 207
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|HSP70|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✔
VDAC
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23161513    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from mutant KRAS colon cancer cells identifies intercellular transfer of mutant KRAS.
Authors "Demory Beckler M, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Ham AJ, Halvey PJ, Imasuen IE, Whitwell C, Li M, Liebler DC, Coffey RJ."
Journal name Mol Cell Proteomics
Publication year 2012
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name DKO-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 208
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|HSP70|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✔
VDAC
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23161513    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from mutant KRAS colon cancer cells identifies intercellular transfer of mutant KRAS.
Authors "Demory Beckler M, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Ham AJ, Halvey PJ, Imasuen IE, Whitwell C, Li M, Liebler DC, Coffey RJ."
Journal name Mol Cell Proteomics
Publication year 2012
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name Dks-8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
7
Experiment ID 209
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|HSP70|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✔
VDAC
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23161513    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from mutant KRAS colon cancer cells identifies intercellular transfer of mutant KRAS.
Authors "Demory Beckler M, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Ham AJ, Halvey PJ, Imasuen IE, Whitwell C, Li M, Liebler DC, Coffey RJ."
Journal name Mol Cell Proteomics
Publication year 2012
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name DLD-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
8
Experiment ID 217
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|CD81|CD9|CD63
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23844026    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization of human thymic exosomes.
Authors "Skogberg G, Gudmundsdottir J, van der Post S, Sandstrom K, Bruhn S, Benson M, Mincheva-Nilsson L, Baranov V, Telemo E, Ekwall O."
Journal name PLoS One
Publication year 2013
Sample Thymus
Sample name Normal-Thymus
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for DHFR
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 HNRNPH1 3187
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
2 MAN2C1 4123
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
3 RIT1 6016
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
4 ABCF3 55324
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 KLK15  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
6 MTR 4548
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
7 ZNHIT2 741
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 TUBB8 347688
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
9 RPS6KA4 8986
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
10 UBC 7316
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
11 NLRP2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
12 RIPK1 8737
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
13 PEX1 5189
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 PLEKHG4  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
15 BTLA  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
16 MYO3B 140469
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
17 HELZ 9931
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
18 ACTR3 10096
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
19 RFXANK  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
20 DNMBP 23268
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
21 ELOVL1 64834
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
22 GKAP1  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
23 PIGH  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
24 BRD4 23476
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
25 MAP3K6  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
26 SFN 2810
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
27 TNS4 84951
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 TACO1  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
29 NPAS1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
30 RNF123 63891
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
31 IFT140 9742
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
32 HAUS4  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
33 FAS 355
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
34 BANP  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
35 TP53 7157
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
36 SBF2 81846
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
37 AMFR 267
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
38 TUBA1A 7846
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
39 DIABLO 56616
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
40 TBC1D32 221322
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
41 SAR1B 51128
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
42 HIST1H1E 3008
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
43 CHEK1  
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
44 HPS3 84343
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
45 THBS1 7057
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
46 HIST1H1C 3006
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
47 DHFRL1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
48 ARAP3 64411
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
49 CCZ1 51622
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
50 VCPIP1 80124
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
51 VPS18 57617
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
52 UBXN6 80700
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
53 PSG11  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
54 RAD17  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
55 SLC25A12 8604
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
56 CDC73  
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
57 GGH 8836
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
58 PI15  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
59 EGFR 1956
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
60 FOXL1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
61 METTL21B  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
62 IL5RA  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
63 WEE1 7465
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
64 HNRNPCL2 440563
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
65 HAUS5 23354
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
66 KCNE3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
67 DNAI2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
68 ARHGEF5  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
69 RGPD5  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
70 SHKBP1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
71 N4BP2L2 10443
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
72 KIAA1671  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
73 ACY1 95
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
74 EDN3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
75 PLA2G6 8398
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
76 HSPD1 3329
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Co-purification Homo sapiens
77 TBC1D9B 23061
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
78 MDM2  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
79 HUWE1 10075
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
80 RGL3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
81 SIRT6  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
82 LGI1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
83 KNTC1 9735
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
84 PPIP5K1 9677
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
85 PYGL 5836
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
86 FOXB1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
87 CHTF18 63922
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
88 SAP18 10284
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
89 TRIM65 201292
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
90 SQSTM1 8878
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
91 OXSR1 9943
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
92 PTTG1  
Synthetic Growth Defect Homo sapiens
93 TBC1D2B 23102
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
94 FKBP1A 2280
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
95 FANCA  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
96 RAD50 10111
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
97 GSTM3 2947
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
98 SPG11 80208
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
99 CELSR2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
100 NAB2 4665
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
101 KCTD14 65987
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
102 KRAS 3845
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
103 C9orf72  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
104 AR 367
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
105 CCT8L2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
106 GPAT2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
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