Gene description for HK2
Gene name hexokinase 2
Gene symbol HK2
Other names/aliases HKII
HXK2
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - HK2
ExoCarta ExoCarta_3099
Vesiclepedia VP_3099
Entrez Gene 3099
HGNC 4923
MIM 601125
UniProt P52789  
 HK2 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Colorectal cancer cells 34887515    
Mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
 Gene ontology annotations for HK2
Molecular Function
    glucokinase activity GO:0004340 IBA
    glucokinase activity GO:0004340 IDA
    glucokinase activity GO:0004340 TAS
    hexokinase activity GO:0004396 IDA
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IEA
    D-glucose binding GO:0005536 IEA
    fructokinase activity GO:0008865 IBA
    fructokinase activity GO:0008865 ISS
Biological Process
    response to hypoxia GO:0001666 IEA
    intracellular glucose homeostasis GO:0001678 IBA
    response to ischemia GO:0002931 IEA
    fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process GO:0006002 ISS
    glucose metabolic process GO:0006006 IBA
    glycolytic process GO:0006096 IBA
    glycolytic process GO:0006096 TAS
    lactation GO:0007595 IEA
    apoptotic mitochondrial changes GO:0008637 IDA
    negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability GO:0035795 IEA
    positive regulation of angiogenesis GO:0045766 IMP
    regulation of D-glucose import GO:0046324 IEA
    carbohydrate phosphorylation GO:0046835 IEA
    glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process GO:0051156 IBA
    glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process GO:0051156 IDA
    canonical glycolysis GO:0061621 TAS
    establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion GO:0072655 IMP
    maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion GO:0072656 IMP
    positive regulation of type 2 mitophagy GO:1905091 IMP
    cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor GO:1990830 IEA
    negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process GO:2000378 IEA
Subcellular Localization
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 IBA
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 IDA
    mitochondrial outer membrane GO:0005741 IDA
    centrosome GO:0005813 IDA
    cytosol GO:0005829 IBA
    cytosol GO:0005829 IDA
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
    membrane GO:0016020 HDA
    sarcoplasmic reticulum GO:0016529 IEA
    intracellular membrane-bounded organelle GO:0043231 IDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified HK2 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 1203
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
SDCBP|FLOT1|CD9|CD81|CD63|EPCAM|GAPDH|LAMP1|TFRC|CD151|CD82|LAMP2|RAB35|TSG101|FLOT2|RAB5B|ICAM1|RAB5A
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 34887515    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Supermeres are functional extracellular nanoparticles replete with disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors "Zhang Q, Jeppesen DK, Higginbotham JN, Graves-Deal R, Trinh VQ, Ramirez MA, Sohn Y, Neininger AC, Taneja N, McKinley ET, Niitsu H, Cao Z, Evans R, Glass SE, Ray KC, Fissell WH, Hill S, Rose KL, Huh WJ, Washington MK, Ayers GD, Burnette DT, Sharma S, Rome LH, Franklin JL, Lee YA, Liu Q, Coffey RJ."
Journal name Nat Cell Biol
Publication year 2021
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name DiFi
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Centrifugal ultrafiltration
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
miRNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RNA sequencing
6
Experiment ID 488
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD81|CD63|GAPDH|SDCBP|LAMP1|TFRC|UCHL1|FLOT2|LAMP2|FLOT1|ICAM1|RAB5B|CD151|RAB35|TSG101|RAB5A|CD82
Enriched markers
✔
CANX
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name UCMSC
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
 Protein-protein interactions for HK2
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 NDUFA4 4697
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 SRM 6723
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
3 Tor1aip1  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
4 C15orf48  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 PLEKHA4 57664
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
6 ARIH2 10425
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
7 FOXL1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 TWIST1  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
9 VDAC3 7419
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
10 UBQLN4 56893
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
11 IPO5 3843
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
12 PARP1 142
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
13 MAGEA3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 PDLIM1 9124
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
15 DHDH  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
16 KIF14 9928
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
17 TRIM36  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
18 SLC2A4  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
19 PYGL 5836
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
20 PXMP2  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
21 FOXB1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
22 ARL4D  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 HK3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
24 KCNQ1OT1  
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
25 MTCH2 23788
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
26 FOXH1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
27 OTULIN 90268
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 SEPT10 151011
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
29 EGFR 1956
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
30 ELAVL1 1994
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
31 IPO13 9670
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
32 FOXI2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
33 PARK2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
34 FNTA 2339
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
35 HSP90AA1 3320
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
36 CUL3 8452
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
37 BUB3 9184
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
38 MARS 4141
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
39 POLR3E 55718
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
40 ALDH3B1 221
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
41 OCIAD1 54940
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
42 RPA4  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
43 TMA16  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
44 FASN 2194
Positive Genetic Homo sapiens
45 WDR61 80349
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
46 C12orf49  
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
47 FIS1 51024
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
48 EP300 2033
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
49 TBCB 1155
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
50 FOXL2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
51 INF2 64423
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
52 FOXP1 27086
Co-localization Homo sapiens
53 LYPD4  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
54 FBXO2 26232
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
55 NTRK1 4914
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
56 COQ9  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
57 RAD18  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
58 HK1 3098
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
59 H2AFV 94239
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
60 MTCH1 23787
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
61 NUBP1 4682
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
62 HYOU1 10525
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
63 TPP2 7174
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
64 CNBP 7555
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
65 C9orf72  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
66 VDAC1 7416
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
67 HEXB 3074
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
68 SREBF2 6721
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
69 SEMA4C 54910
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
70 UBQLN1 29979
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
71 RPA3 6119
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
72 RHOT2 89941
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
73 SEPT6 23157
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
74 AKAP1 8165
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
75 IRF3 3661
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
76 PRKCE 5581
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
77 EXD2  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
78 PPME1 51400
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
79 ITGA4 3676
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
80 NUDCD3 23386
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
81 MAGEA12  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
82 FBXO6 26270
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which HK2 is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Glucose metabolism TAS Reactome
Glycolysis TAS Reactome
Metabolism TAS Reactome
Metabolism of carbohydrates TAS Reactome





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