Gene description for GNA12
Gene name guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein) alpha 12
Gene symbol GNA12
Other names/aliases NNX3
RMP
gep
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - GNA12
ExoCarta ExoCarta_2768
Entrez Gene 2768
HGNC 4380
MIM 604394
UniProt Q03113  
 GNA12 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Hepatocellular carcinoma cells 26054723    
Hepatocytes 26054723    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Neuroblastoma cells 25944692    
 Gene ontology annotations for GNA12
Molecular Function
    GTP binding GO:0005525 IEA
    GTPase activity GO:0003924 IEA
    signal transducer activity GO:0004871 IBA
    D5 dopamine receptor binding GO:0031752 IBA
    metal ion binding GO:0046872 IEA
    G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding GO:0031683 IBA
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
Biological Process
    response to drug GO:0042493 IEA
    adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007188 IBA
    Rho protein signal transduction GO:0007266 IBA
    blood coagulation GO:0007596 TAS
    metabolic process GO:0008152 TAS
    regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process GO:0032434 IMP
    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007186 TAS
    regulation of cell shape GO:0008360 IEA
    embryonic digit morphogenesis GO:0042733 IEA
    regulation of fibroblast migration GO:0010762 ISS
    cell differentiation GO:0030154 IEA
    regulation of TOR signaling GO:0032006 IMP
    in utero embryonic development GO:0001701 IEA
    platelet activation GO:0030168 TAS
Subcellular Localization
    heterotrimeric G-protein complex GO:0005834 IBA
    brush border membrane GO:0031526 IBA
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 TAS
    focal adhesion GO:0005925 IDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified GNA12 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 235
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|Alix|HSC70|GAPDH
EV Cytosolic markers
EV Membrane markers
HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
qNano
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method RNA Sequencing
PubMed ID 26054723    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomes promote motility of immortalized hepatocyte through transfer of oncogenic proteins and RNAs
Authors He M, Qin H, Poon TC, Sze SC, Ding X, Co NN, Ngai SM, Chan TF, Wong N
Journal name Carcinogenesis
Publication year 2015
Sample Hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Sample name HKCI-8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
RNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RT-PCR
RNA Sequencing
2
Experiment ID 237
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|Alix|HSC70|GAPDH
EV Cytosolic markers
EV Membrane markers
HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
qNano
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method RNA Sequencing
PubMed ID 26054723    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomes promote motility of immortalized hepatocyte through transfer of oncogenic proteins and RNAs
Authors He M, Qin H, Poon TC, Sze SC, Ding X, Co NN, Ngai SM, Chan TF, Wong N
Journal name Carcinogenesis
Publication year 2015
Sample Hepatocytes
Sample name MIHA
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
RNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RNA Sequencing
3
Experiment ID 254
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
FLOT1|CD81
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name MNT-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
4
Experiment ID 259
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name A375M
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
5
Experiment ID 260
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
FLOT1|CD81
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name 1205Lu
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 224
ISEV standards
EM|AFM
EV Biophysical techniques
Alix|TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
CD63|CD81
EV Membrane markers
GOLGA2
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25944692    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteogenomic analysis reveals exosomes are more oncogenic than ectosomes
Authors Keerthikumar S, Gangoda L, Liem M, Fonseka P, Atukorala I, Ozcitti C, Mechler A, Adda CG, Ang CS, Mathivanan S
Journal name Oncotarget
Publication year 2015
Sample Neuroblastoma cells
Sample name SH-SY5Y
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient
Flotation density 1.10 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
 Protein-protein interactions for GNA12
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 CDH2 1000
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
2 PRKCE  
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
3 TSHR 7253
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
4 BTK 695
Invitro Homo sapiens
Invivo Homo sapiens
5 TEC 7006
Invivo Homo sapiens
6 ARHGEF1 9138
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
7 TBXA2R 6915
Invivo Homo sapiens
8 F2R 2149
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Invivo Homo sapiens
9 ARHGEF12 23365
Invitro Homo sapiens
Invivo Homo sapiens
10 PRKCB 5579
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
11 PPP5C 5536
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
12 CDH1 999
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
13 EDG6  
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 AKAP13 11214
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
15 RASA2 5922
Invivo Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
16 PRKCD 5580
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
17 HSP90AA1 3320
Invitro Homo sapiens
Invivo Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
18 ARHGEF11 9826
Invivo Homo sapiens
19 GNB1 2782
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
20 DRD5  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
21 CDH15  
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
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