Gene description for GNB4
Gene name guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 4
Gene symbol GNB4
Other names/aliases CMTD1F
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - GNB4
ExoCarta ExoCarta_59345
Vesiclepedia VP_59345
Entrez Gene 59345
HGNC 20731
MIM 610863
UniProt Q9HAV0  
 GNB4 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Chondrocytes 35931686    
Chondrocytes 35931686    
Colorectal cancer cells 19837982    
Endothelial cells 26027894    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Mesenchymal stem cells Unpublished / Not applicable
Neuroblastoma cells 25944692    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Platelets 25332113    
Platelets 25332113    
Platelets 25332113    
Retinal pigment epithelial cells 35333565    
Retinal pigment epithelial cells 35333565    
Thymus 23844026    
Urine 21595033    
Urine 21595033    
Urine 21595033    
 Gene ontology annotations for GNB4
Molecular Function
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    signaling receptor complex adaptor activity GO:0030159 IBA
    protein-containing complex binding GO:0044877 IDA
Biological Process
    G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007186 IBA
    substantia nigra development GO:0021762 HEP
Subcellular Localization
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IBA
    lysosomal membrane GO:0005765 HDA
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
    heterotrimeric G-protein complex GO:0005834 IBA
    cell body GO:0044297 IEA
    synapse GO:0045202 IEA
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 HDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified GNB4 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 497
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD151|CD63|CD81|CD82|FLOT1|FLOT2|GAPDH|LAMP1|LAMP2|RAB5A|SDCBP|TFRC|TSG101|UCHL1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35931686    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression
Authors "Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD."
Journal name Cell Death Dis
Publication year 2022
Sample Chondrocytes
Sample name T/C-28a2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
6
Experiment ID 498
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD151|CD63|CD81|CD82|FLOT1|FLOT2|GAPDH|LAMP1|LAMP2|RAB5A|SDCBP|TFRC|TSG101|UCHL1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35931686    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression
Authors "Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD."
Journal name Cell Death Dis
Publication year 2022
Sample Chondrocytes
Sample name T/C-28a2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
7
Experiment ID 21
MISEV standards
✔
EM|IEM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|HSP70|CD63
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry   
PubMed ID 19837982    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic and bioinformatic analysis of immunoaffinity-purified exosomes derived from the human colon tumor cell line LIM1215.
Authors "Suresh Mathivanan, Justin W.E. Lim, Bow J. Tauro, Hong Ji, Robert L. Moritz and Richard J. Simpson"
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2009
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name LIM1215
Isolation/purification methods Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.10-1.12 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
Western blotting
8
Experiment ID 226
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
GAPDH|CD9|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✔
LMNA|H2AFX|ATP5A1|TOMM20
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method Small RNA sequencing (Illumina HiSeq 2000 (Solexa)
PubMed ID 26027894    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description "Quantitative and qualitative analysis of small RNAs in human endothelial cells and exosomes provides insights into localized RNA processing, degradation and sorting"
Authors "Bas W. M. van Balkom, Almut S. Eisele, D. Michiel Pegtel, Sander Bervoets, Marianne C. Verhaar"
Journal name Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
Publication year 2015
Sample Endothelial cells
Sample name HMEC-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.10 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study miRNA
Protein
snoRNA
lncRNA
yRNA
snRNA
mRNA
ncRNA
mtRNA
vtRNA
scaRNA
lincRNA
Methods used in the study Small RNA sequencing (Illumina HiSeq 2000 (Solexa)
Western blotting
9
Experiment ID 254
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|FLOT1|CD81
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors "Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L"
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name MNT-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
10
Experiment ID 255
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors "Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L"
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name G1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
11
Experiment ID 256
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors "Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L"
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name 501mel
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
12
Experiment ID 257
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors "Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L"
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name Daju
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
13
Experiment ID 258
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|FLOT1|CD81
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors "Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L"
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name SKMEL28
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
14
Experiment ID 259
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors "Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L"
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name A375M
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
15
Experiment ID 260
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|FLOT1|CD81
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors "Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L"
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name 1205Lu
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
16
Experiment ID 126
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
GAPDH
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [LTQ-FT Ultra]
PubMed ID Unpublished / Not applicable
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes: The Future MSC-based Therapy?
Authors "Ruenn Chai Lai, Ronne Wee Yeh Yeo, Soon Sim Tan, Bin Zhang, Yijun Yin, Newman Siu Kwan Sze, Andre Choo, and Sai Kiang Lim"
Journal name Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Publication year 2011
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name huES9.E1
Isolation/purification methods HPLC
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Antobody array
Mass spectrometry
17
Experiment ID 224
MISEV standards
✔
EM|AFM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|CD63|CD81
Enriched markers
✔
GOLGA2
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25944692    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteogenomic analysis reveals exosomes are more oncogenic than ectosomes
Authors "Keerthikumar S, Gangoda L, Liem M, Fonseka P, Atukorala I, Ozcitti C, Mechler A, Adda CG, Ang CS, Mathivanan S"
Journal name Oncotarget
Publication year 2015
Sample Neuroblastoma cells
Sample name SH-SY5Y
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient
Flotation density 1.10 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
18
Experiment ID 211
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|EpCAM|TFRC
Enriched markers
✔
cytochrome c|GOLGA2
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors "Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K."
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name IGROV1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
19
Experiment ID 212
MISEV standards
✔
CEM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|EpCAM|TFRC
Enriched markers
✔
Cytochrome C|GOLGA2
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors "Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K."
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name OVCAR-3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
20
Experiment ID 231
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|CD63|CD9
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Lipids
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
21
Experiment ID 232
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✘ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
22
Experiment ID 233
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✘ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
23
Experiment ID 834
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
LAMP2|CD63|FLOT1|ITGA2B|ICAM1|CD9|CD151|TFRC|RAB5A|GAPDH|AQP1|TSG101
Enriched markers
✔
CANX
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35333565    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description LAMP2A regulates the loading of proteins into exosomes
Authors "Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Ramalho J, Máximo Carvalho C, Cardoso MH, Pintado P, Carvalho AS, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Zuzarte M, Girão H, van Niel G, Pereira P"
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2022
Sample Retinal pigment epithelial cells
Sample name ARPE-19
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
24
Experiment ID 835
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD63|FLOT1|ITGA2B|ICAM1|CD9|CD151|TFRC|RAB5A|GAPDH|AQP1|TSG101
Enriched markers
✔
CANX
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35333565    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description LAMP2A regulates the loading of proteins into exosomes
Authors "Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Ramalho J, Máximo Carvalho C, Cardoso MH, Pintado P, Carvalho AS, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Zuzarte M, Girão H, van Niel G, Pereira P"
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2022
Sample Retinal pigment epithelial cells
Sample name ARPE-19
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
25
Experiment ID 217
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|CD81|CD9|CD63
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23844026    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization of human thymic exosomes.
Authors "Skogberg G, Gudmundsdottir J, van der Post S, Sandstrom K, Bruhn S, Benson M, Mincheva-Nilsson L, Baranov V, Telemo E, Ekwall O."
Journal name PLoS One
Publication year 2013
Sample Thymus
Sample name Normal-Thymus
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
26
Experiment ID 193
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD63|CD9
Enriched markers
✔
PHB
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 21595033    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of urinary exosomes from patients of early IgA nephropathy and thin basement membrane nephropathy.
Authors "Moon PG, Lee JE, You S, Kim TK, Cho JH, Kim IS, Kwon TH, Kim CD, Park SH, Hwang D, Kim YL, Baek MC."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2011
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
27
Experiment ID 194
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✘ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 21595033    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of urinary exosomes from patients of early IgA nephropathy and thin basement membrane nephropathy.
Authors "Moon PG, Lee JE, You S, Kim TK, Cho JH, Kim IS, Kwon TH, Kim CD, Park SH, Hwang D, Kim YL, Baek MC."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2011
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Patients of basement membrane nephropathy
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
28
Experiment ID 195
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✘ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 21595033    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of urinary exosomes from patients of early IgA nephropathy and thin basement membrane nephropathy.
Authors "Moon PG, Lee JE, You S, Kim TK, Cho JH, Kim IS, Kwon TH, Kim CD, Park SH, Hwang D, Kim YL, Baek MC."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2011
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Patients of early IgA nephropathy
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for GNB4
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 GNG10 2790
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
2 Cdk1 12534
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
3 MTCH1 23787
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
4 TSPAN17 26262
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 GPR161  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
6 GNG4  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
7 ADRB2  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 LIMCH1 22998
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
9 KIF20A 10112
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
10 RSBN1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
11 GNGT1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
12 SLC30A4 7782
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
13 CEP97 79598
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 GNAQ 2776
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
15 MEIS2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
16 GNG12 55970
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
17 MGST1 4257
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
18 PLEKHG5 57449
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
19 Trim69  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
20 RD3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
21 PRC1 9055
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
22 ABCE1 6059
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 Haus1  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
24 TFCP2 7024
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
25 Mau2  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
26 KIF14 9928
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
27 ANKRD12  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 GNG3 2785
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
29 MTNR1B  
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
30 KLF16  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
31 GNG8  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
32 CYP2S1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
33 GNGT2  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
34 GNAI1 2770
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
35 GJB7  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
36 ESRRB  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
37 NTRK3 4916
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
38 CHMP4B 128866
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
39 YAP1 10413
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
40 PTP4A2 8073
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
41 NR2E1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
42 GNA13 10672
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
43 GNAI2 2771
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
44 GNG5 2787
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
45 VDAC2 7417
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
46 TMEM206 55248
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
47 TMEM185A  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
48 ANLN 54443
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
49 LRRIQ3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
50 FANCD2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
51 SDC1 6382
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
52 XPO1 7514
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
53 ECT2 1894
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
54 FZD10  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
55 HOXB5  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
56 TFAP4 7023
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
57 CIT 11113
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
58 MTNR1A  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
59 FBXO6 26270
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
60 GALK2 2585
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
61 GNG13  
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
62 RGS6 9628
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
63 GNA11 2767
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
64 CCNL2 81669
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
65 GNAS 2778
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
66 GNG11 2791
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
67 MYC  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
68 VDAC1 7416
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
69 KCNJ5  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
70 SERHL2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
71 GNG2 54331
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
72 OCIAD1 54940
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
73 Haus4  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
74 PDCL 5082
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
75 DFFA 1676
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
76 CDK18 5129
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
77 KCND2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
78 GNB1 2782
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
79 Myh10 77579
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
80 ESR1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
81 SLC25A4 291
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
82 CYB5R3 1727
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
83 C9orf72  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
84 MBD3L1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
85 VDAC3 7419
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
86 GNG7 2788
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
87 TOMM5  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
88 CUL4A 8451
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
89 GNAI3 2773
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which GNB4 is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels TAS Reactome
Activation of GABAB receptors TAS Reactome
Activation of kainate receptors upon glutamate binding TAS Reactome
ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production TAS Reactome
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 TAS Reactome
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 IEA Reactome
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 TAS Reactome
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion TAS Reactome
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion IEA Reactome
Anti-inflammatory response favouring Leishmania parasite infection TAS Reactome
Aquaporin-mediated transport TAS Reactome
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling TAS Reactome
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling IEA Reactome
Ca2+ pathway TAS Reactome
Ca2+ pathway IEA Reactome
Cellular responses to mechanical stimuli TAS Reactome
Cellular responses to stimuli TAS Reactome
Chaperonin-mediated protein folding TAS Reactome
Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors) TAS Reactome
Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding TAS Reactome
Disease TAS Reactome
ESR-mediated signaling TAS Reactome
Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling TAS Reactome
G alpha (12/13) signalling events TAS Reactome
G alpha (i) signalling events TAS Reactome
G alpha (q) signalling events TAS Reactome
G alpha (s) signalling events TAS Reactome
G alpha (z) signalling events TAS Reactome
G beta:gamma signalling through BTK TAS Reactome
G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 TAS Reactome
G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma TAS Reactome
G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta TAS Reactome
G protein gated Potassium channels TAS Reactome
G-protein activation TAS Reactome
G-protein beta:gamma signalling TAS Reactome
GABA B receptor activation TAS Reactome
GABA receptor activation TAS Reactome
Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation TAS Reactome
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion TAS Reactome
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion IEA Reactome
Glucagon-type ligand receptors TAS Reactome
GPCR downstream signalling TAS Reactome
GPCR ligand binding TAS Reactome
GPER1 signaling TAS Reactome
Hemostasis TAS Reactome
Hemostasis IEA Reactome
High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells TAS Reactome
Infectious disease TAS Reactome
Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits TAS Reactome
Integration of energy metabolism TAS Reactome
Integration of energy metabolism IEA Reactome
Inwardly rectifying K+ channels TAS Reactome
Leishmania infection TAS Reactome
Leishmania parasite growth and survival TAS Reactome
Metabolism TAS Reactome
Metabolism IEA Reactome
Metabolism of proteins TAS Reactome
Neuronal System TAS Reactome
Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission TAS Reactome
Opioid Signalling TAS Reactome
Parasitic Infection Pathways TAS Reactome
Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation TAS Reactome
Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation IEA Reactome
Platelet homeostasis IEA Reactome
Platelet homeostasis TAS Reactome
Potassium Channels TAS Reactome
Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors TAS Reactome
Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor IEA Reactome
Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor TAS Reactome
Protein folding TAS Reactome
Regulation of insulin secretion TAS Reactome
Regulation of insulin secretion IEA Reactome
Response of endothelial cells to shear stress TAS Reactome
Signal amplification TAS Reactome
Signal amplification IEA Reactome
Signal Transduction TAS Reactome
Signal Transduction IEA Reactome
Signaling by GPCR TAS Reactome
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors TAS Reactome
Signaling by WNT TAS Reactome
Signaling by WNT IEA Reactome
Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) TAS Reactome
Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) IEA Reactome
Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor TAS Reactome
Transmission across Chemical Synapses TAS Reactome
Transport of small molecules TAS Reactome
Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins TAS Reactome





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